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It can be very easy to add quotes or an apostrophe to the title of a new article, but don't do it! For example, I could have made the title of this article Don't Use Quotes or Special HTML Characters in Your Article Titles but I resisted using that apostrophe. Several plugins and components process the data stored in the title, title alias, meta description and meta keywords and do not always account for quotes or special characters so it is a good idea to avoid them.
A plugin or component that wasn't coded with these special characters in mind can invalidate your HTML or XHTML, break your site's JavaScript and throw JavaScript errors, or even take your entire website down with PHP errors and warnings. You may not currently have any conflicts on your system, but there is
always a chance that a component or plugin you install in the future
will cause issues. Save yourself some headaches in the long run and avoid putting any of the following characters in your content titles, title aliases, meta descriptions or meta keywords.
| Description |
ISO Latin-1 code |
HTML Entity |
Glyph |
| left single quote |
|
‘ |
‘ |
| right single quote |
|
’ |
’ |
| single low-9 quote |
|
‚ |
‚ |
| left double quote |
|
“ |
“ |
| right double quote |
|
” |
” |
| double low-9 quote |
|
„ |
„ |
| dagger |
|
† |
† |
| double dagger |
|
‡ |
‡ |
| per mill sign |
|
‰ |
‰ |
| single left-pointing angle quote |
|
‹ |
‹ |
| single right-pointing angle quote |
|
› |
› |
| black spade suit |
|
♠ |
♠ |
| black club suit |
|
♣ |
♣ |
| black heart suit |
|
♥ |
♥ |
| black diamond suit |
|
♦ |
♦ |
| overline, = spacing overscore |
|
‾ |
‾ |
| leftward arrow |
|
← |
← |
| upward arrow |
|
↑ |
↑ |
| rightward arrow |
|
→ |
→ |
| downward arrow |
|
↓ |
↓ |
| trademark sign |
™ |
™ |
™ |
| unused |
�-
 |
|
|
| horizontal tab |
	 |
|
|
| line feed |
|
|
|
| unused |
 |
|
|
| space |
  |
|
|
| exclamation mark |
! |
|
! |
| double quotation mark |
" |
" |
" |
| number sign |
# |
|
# |
| dollar sign |
$ |
|
$ |
| percent sign |
% |
|
% |
| ampersand |
& |
& |
& |
| apostrophe |
' |
|
' |
| left parenthesis |
( |
|
( |
| right parenthesis |
) |
|
) |
| asterisk |
* |
|
* |
| plus sign |
+ |
|
+ |
| comma |
, |
|
, |
| hyphen |
- |
|
- |
| period |
. |
|
. |
| slash |
/ |
⁄ |
/ |
| digits 0-9 |
0-
9 |
|
|
| colon |
: |
|
: |
| semicolon |
; |
|
; |
| less-than sign |
< |
< |
< |
| equals sign |
= |
|
= |
| greater-than sign |
> |
> |
> |
| question mark |
? |
|
? |
| at sign |
@ |
|
@ |
| uppercase letters A-Z |
A-
Z |
|
|
| left square bracket |
[ |
|
[ |
| backslash |
\ |
|
\ |
| right square bracket |
] |
|
] |
| caret |
^ |
|
^ |
| horizontal bar (underscore) |
_ |
|
_ |
| grave accent |
` |
|
` |
| lowercase letters a-z |
a-
z |
|
|
| left curly brace |
{ |
|
{ |
| vertical bar |
| |
|
| |
| right curly brace |
} |
|
} |
| tilde |
~ |
|
~ |
| unused |
-
• |
|
|
| en dash |
– |
– |
– |
| em dash |
— |
— |
— |
| unused |
˜-
Ÿ |
|
|
| nonbreaking space |
  |
|
|
| inverted exclamation |
¡ |
¡ |
¡ |
| cent sign |
¢ |
¢ |
¢ |
| pound sterling |
£ |
£ |
£ |
| general currency sign |
¤ |
¤ |
¤ |
| yen sign |
¥ |
¥ |
¥ |
| broken vertical bar |
¦ |
¦ or &brkbar; |
¦ |
| section sign |
§ |
§ |
§ |
| umlaut |
¨ |
¨ or ¨ |
¨ |
| copyright |
© |
© |
© |
| feminine ordinal |
ª |
ª |
ª |
| left angle quote |
« |
« |
« |
| not sign |
¬ |
¬ |
¬ |
| soft hyphen |
­ |
|
|
| registered trademark |
® |
® |
® |
| macron accent |
¯ |
¯ or &hibar; |
¯ |
| degree sign |
° |
° |
° |
| plus or minus |
± |
± |
± |
| superscript two |
² |
² |
² |
| superscript three |
³ |
³ |
³ |
| acute accent |
´ |
´ |
´ |
| micro sign |
µ |
µ |
µ |
| paragraph sign |
¶ |
¶ |
¶ |
| middle dot |
· |
· |
· |
| cedilla |
¸ |
¸ |
¸ |
| superscript one |
¹ |
¹ |
¹ |
| masculine ordinal |
º |
º |
º |
| right angle quote |
» |
» |
» |
| one-fourth |
¼ |
¼ |
¼ |
| one-half |
½ |
½ |
½ |
| three-fourths |
¾ |
¾ |
¾ |
| inverted question mark |
¿ |
¿ |
¿ |
| uppercase A, grave accent |
À |
À |
À |
| uppercase A, acute accent |
Á |
Á |
Á |
| uppercase A, circumflex accent |
 |
 |
 |
| uppercase A, tilde |
à |
à |
à |
| uppercase A, umlaut |
Ä |
Ä |
Ä |
| uppercase A, ring |
Å |
Å |
Å |
| uppercase AE |
Æ |
Æ |
Æ |
| uppercase C, cedilla |
Ç |
Ç |
Ç |
| uppercase E, grave accent |
È |
È |
È |
| uppercase E, acute accent |
É |
É |
É |
| uppercase E, circumflex accent |
Ê |
Ê |
Ê |
| uppercase E, umlaut |
Ë |
Ë |
Ë |
| uppercase I, grave accent |
Ì |
Ì |
Ì |
| uppercase I, acute accent |
Í |
Í |
Í |
| uppercase I, circumflex accent |
Î |
Î |
Î |
| uppercase I, umlaut |
Ï |
Ï |
Ï |
| uppercase Eth, Icelandic |
Ð |
Ð |
Ð |
| uppercase N, tilde |
Ñ |
Ñ |
Ñ |
| uppercase O, grave accent |
Ò |
Ò |
Ò |
| uppercase O, acute accent |
Ó |
Ó |
Ó |
| uppercase O, circumflex accent |
Ô |
Ô |
Ô |
| uppercase O, tilde |
Õ |
Õ |
Õ |
| uppercase O, umlaut |
Ö |
Ö |
Ö |
| multiplication sign |
× |
× |
× |
| uppercase O, slash |
Ø |
Ø |
Ø |
| uppercase U, grave accent |
Ù |
Ù |
Ù |
| uppercase U, acute accent |
Ú |
Ú |
Ú |
| uppercase U, circumflex accent |
Û |
Û |
Û |
| uppercase U, umlaut |
Ü |
Ü |
Ü |
| uppercase Y, acute accent |
Ý |
Ý |
Ý |
| uppercase THORN, Icelandic |
Þ |
Þ |
Þ |
| lowercase sharps, German |
ß |
ß |
ß |
| lowercase a, grave accent |
à |
à |
à |
| lowercase a, acute accent |
á |
á |
á |
| lowercase a, circumflex accent |
â |
â |
â |
| lowercase a, tilde |
ã |
ã |
ã |
| lowercase a, umlaut |
ä |
ä |
ä |
| lowercase a, ring |
å |
å |
å |
| lowercase ae |
æ |
æ |
æ |
| lowercase c, cedilla |
ç |
ç |
ç |
| lowercase e, grave accent |
è |
è |
è |
| lowercase e, acute accent |
é |
é |
é |
| lowercase e, circumflex accent |
ê |
ê |
ê |
| lowercase e, umlaut |
ë |
ë |
ë |
| lowercase i, grave accent |
ì |
ì |
ì |
| lowercase i, acute accent |
í |
í |
í |
| lowercase i, circumflex accent |
î |
î |
î |
| lowercase i, umlaut |
ï |
ï |
ï |
| lowercase eth, Icelandic |
ð |
ð |
ð |
| lowercase n, tilde |
ñ |
ñ |
ñ |
| lowercase o, grave accent |
ò |
ò |
ò |
| lowercase o, acute accent |
ó |
ó |
ó |
| lowercase o, circumflex accent |
ô |
ô |
ô |
| lowercase o, tilde |
õ |
õ |
õ |
| lowercase o, umlaut |
ö |
ö |
ö |
| division sign |
÷ |
÷ |
÷ |
| lowercase o, slash |
ø |
ø |
ø |
| lowercase u, grave accent |
ù |
ù |
ù |
| lowercase u, acute accent |
ú |
ú |
ú |
| lowercase u, circumflex accent |
û |
û |
û |
| lowercase u, umlaut |
ü |
ü |
ü |
| lowercase y, acute accent |
ý |
ý |
ý |
| lowercase thorn, Icelandic |
þ |
þ |
þ |
| lowercase y, umlaut |
ÿ |
ÿ |
ÿ |
| Alpha |
Α |
|
Α |
| alpha |
α |
|
α |
| Beta |
Β |
|
Β |
| beta |
β |
|
β |
| Gamma |
Γ |
|
Γ |
| gamma |
γ |
|
γ |
| Delta |
Δ |
|
Δ |
| delta |
δ |
|
δ |
| Epsilon |
Ε |
|
Ε |
| epsilon |
ε |
|
ε |
| Zeta |
Ζ |
|
Ζ |
| zeta |
ζ |
|
ζ |
| Eta |
Η |
|
Η |
| eta |
η |
|
η |
| Iota |
Ι |
|
Ι |
| iota |
ι |
|
ι |
| Kappa |
Κ |
|
Κ |
| kappa |
κ |
|
κ |
| Lambda |
Λ |
|
Λ |
| lambda |
λ |
|
λ |
| Mu |
Μ |
|
Μ |
| mu |
μ |
|
μ |
| Nu |
Ν |
|
Ν |
| nu |
ν |
|
ν |
| Xi |
Ξ |
|
Ξ |
| xi |
ξ |
|
ξ |
| Omicron |
Ο |
|
Ο |
| omicron |
ο |
|
ο |
| Pi |
Π |
|
Π |
| pi |
π |
|
π |
| Rho |
Ρ |
|
Ρ |
| rho |
ρ |
|
ρ |
| Sigma |
Σ |
|
Σ |
| sigma |
σ |
|
σ |
| Tau |
Τ |
|
Τ |
| tau |
τ |
|
τ |
| Upsilon |
Υ |
|
Υ |
| upsilon |
υ |
|
υ |
| Phi |
Φ |
|
Φ |
| phi |
φ |
|
φ |
| Chi |
Χ |
|
Χ |
| chi |
χ |
|
χ |
| Psi |
Ψ |
|
Ψ |
| psi |
ψ |
|
ψ |
| Omega |
Ω |
|
Ω |
| omega |
ω |
|
ω |
|